The 6 Thinking Hats is a problem-solving and decision-making method developed by Edward de Bono in the early 1980s. This technique provides a structured way to think more effectively by directing thinking attention in one direction at a time. It encourages individuals and teams to approach problems from six distinct perspectives, symbolised by six coloured hats, each representing a different style of thinking. The method aims to make meetings more productive and focused, while fostering collaborative and creative problem-solving.
- White Hat: Focuses on data and information. Wearing the White Hat, individuals concentrate on the available data, look at the facts, and identify what information is missing.
- Red Hat: Represents feelings, intuition, and emotions. When using the Red Hat, participants share their feelings and instincts without the need for justification or explanation.
- Black Hat: Symbolises caution and critical judgement. The Black Hat is used to identify potential obstacles, risks, and problems with suggestions. It helps to prevent hasty decision-making.
- Yellow Hat: Signifies optimism and positive thinking. The Yellow Hat encourages individuals to look for benefits and value in ideas, focusing on how they can work and their potential for success.
- Green Hat: Denotes creativity and new ideas. Under the Green Hat, participants seek alternative solutions, brainstorm new concepts, and explore creative opportunities.
- Blue Hat: Manages the thinking process. The Blue Hat is concerned with organising the thinking process, setting objectives, and summarising conclusions. It acts as the control mechanism that ensures the 6 Hats guidelines are observed.
The 6 Thinking Hats method allows for a switch in mindset to view problems from different angles and explore all aspects of a situation. By sequentially adopting each hat, teams can avoid the common problem of discussions becoming adversarial. Instead, the method encourages parallel thinking, where individuals look in the same direction together, promoting a more harmonious and constructive exploration of issues.
This approach is highly versatile and can be applied in various settings, from individual thinking to team meetings and organisational decision-making processes. It helps to streamline discussions, reduce conflict, and ensure a comprehensive examination of challenges and opportunities. Ultimately, the 6 Thinking Hats method fosters a balanced, inclusive, and thorough approach to problem-solving and decision-making.